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Cutaneous LeishmaniasisCutaneous leishmaniasis is caused by a species of the genus Leishmania. These protozoa exist as obligate intracellular parasites in humans and other mammalian hosts. Disease is commoner in those whose home is close to a rural environment (especially Gozo) and have contact with pet dogs and cats.ReservoirHumans and domestic dogs.Incubation period1 weekSigns and SymptomsUsually a skin papule develops which enlarges into indolent ulcer. Lesion may be single or multiple. It may heal spontaneously within weeks.DiagnosisSkin biopsy may confirm diagnosis. Specialise clinical opinion may be used to confirm case.TreatmentPrescribed by medical doctor: Sodium stibogluconate (Pentostam) and meglumine antimonate (Glucantime) are effective in most cases. Cases that do not respond to the above are treated with amphotericin B.Control and PreventionEducate public concerning mode of transmission. Investigate contact and source of infection.Eliminate rubbish heaps and breeding places. Inform vet immediately to test/treat or put away any infected animals. |
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